What to Know
Before Your
Pearl Harbor Visit
Before you visit this historic site, there are important things you should know. In this guide, we’ll explore 10 key facts about Pearl Harbor, from the USS Arizona’s role and the USS Missouri’s significance to what you can see and do there today. Whether you’re planning to visit Pearl Harbor from Waikiki, looking for Pearl Harbor tour tickets, or simply interested in WWII history, this guide provides essential information about this historic site in Honolulu, Hawaii. You’ll learn both about what happened on December 7, 1941, and how to make the most of your visit.
The Surprise Attack:
December 7, 1941
The attack on Pearl Harbor began at 7:48 am on December 7, 1941. President Franklin D. Roosevelt called this day “a date which will live in infamy.” Japan launched this attack to stop the U.S. from getting in the way of their plans in Southeast Asia.
Japan sent 353 planes from six aircraft carriers to attack Pearl Harbor. They used fighter planes, bombers, and torpedo bombers. The attack was quick but deadly. They hit eight U.S. Navy battleships and sank four of them. They also damaged or sank other ships, including three light cruisers, three destroyers, and two other vessels. The attack destroyed 188 U.S. aircraft and damaged 159 more.
Many lives were lost that day. 2,403 Americans were killed, and 1,178 more were wounded. The next day, the U.S. declared war on Japan and joined World War II.
Today, you can take Pearl Harbor tours from Waikiki Beach. These tours usually include a ride to Pearl Harbor and a guide who will tell you about the site. The best time to visit Pearl Harbor is early in the morning, when it’s quiet and peaceful.
Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?
Japan wanted to stop the U.S. Pacific Fleet from interfering with their actions in Asia. They saw it as a strike they had to make “before the oil gauge ran empty.”
The USS Arizona:
Pearl Harbor's Most Famous Ship
The USS Arizona was one of the most famous ships at Pearl Harbor. During the attack, Japanese bombs hit the ship. It exploded and sank, taking 1,177 men with it.
What is the status of the USS Arizona at Pearl Harbor?
Today, the USS Arizona still lies at the bottom of Pearl Harbor. While other damaged ships were raised from the water, the Arizona remains in place. More than 1,100 sailors and Marines are still inside the ship, making it their final resting place. The National Park Service built a memorial above the sunken ship to honor these brave men.
How many died in Pearl Harbor?
In total, 2,403 American lives were lost during the attack on Pearl Harbor. 1,177 of those lives were lost on the USS Arizona alone
Visitors can pay their respects at the USS Arizona Memorial, built over the wreck. Oil from the ship’s fuel tanks still seeps up from the sunken vessel today, often referred to by visitors and survivors as the “tears of the Arizona.” It’s one of the most visited sites in Hawaii, with about 1.5 million people visiting each year.
Why the Pacific Fleet
Was at Pearl Harbor
The U.S. Pacific Fleet played a big role in World War II, even before the Pearl Harbor attack. In 1940, the U.S. Navy moved these ships from San Diego to Pearl Harbor. They hoped this move would show Japan that the U.S. was ready to protect its interests in the Pacific. However, this move also put the ships at greater risk.
Did the US move the Pacific Fleet to Pearl Harbor?
Yes, the U.S. Pacific Fleet moved to Pearl Harbor in 1940. The Navy hoped this would warn Japan not to start trouble in the Pacific. However, it also made the fleet an easier target.
What was the impact of this move?
Japan’s leaders thought they needed to destroy these ships to keep the U.S. Navy away from Southeast Asia. While their attack damaged many ships at Pearl Harbor, they missed something important – the aircraft carriers were out at sea during the attack. These carriers survived and went on to help the U.S. win many battles in the Pacific War.
How Americans Fought Back
During the Attack
During the attack on Pearl Harbor, American service members did their best to fight back, even though they were caught by surprise.
Did we get planes in the air during Pearl Harbor?
Yes, some brave American pilots managed to get their planes off the ground during the attack. These pilots fought to defend Pearl Harbor and shot down 29 or 30 Japanese planes.
How did Americans defend Pearl Harbor?
U.S. service members showed great bravery during the attack. They ran to their battle stations and fired anti-aircraft guns at the Japanese planes. They worked hard to save their fellow sailors and protect their ships, even as bombs were falling. Many went above and beyond their duty that day, risking their own lives to save others.
Today, visitors can see anti-aircraft guns and other defensive weapons from that day at the Pearl Harbor museums. Early morning tours often include stories about these brave defenders and their actions during the attack.
Pearl Harbor Survivors
and Remembrance
Today, December 7th is known as National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day. It’s a time to think about the attack on Pearl Harbor and remember those who lost their lives.
How many Pearl Harbor survivors are still alive today?
As of 2024, very few Pearl Harbor survivors are still with us. 19. These brave men and women are now over 100 years old. They share their memories to help keep the history of Pearl Harbor alive for future generations.
How does America remember Pearl Harbor?
Every year on December 7th, special ceremonies are held to honor those who died in the attack. People gather at the USS Arizona Memorial and other sites to pay their respects. Veterans, families, and visitors come together to remember the lessons of Pearl Harbor and honor the sacrifice of those who were there.
Many visitors plan their Pearl Harbor tours to be there for these remembrance ceremonies. The early morning service is especially moving, with a moment of silence held at 7:48 AM, the exact time the attack began.
The USS Missouri's
Special Place in History
The USS Missouri, nicknamed “Mighty Mo,” holds a special place in U.S. history. As she wasn’t built until 1944, she wasn’t at Pearl Harbor during the attack. Even so, she played a very important role in World War II, especially in the war with Japan.
What battleships were not at Pearl Harbor during the attack?
Nine U.S. battleships were not at Pearl Harbor when Japan attacked. The USS Missouri was one of these ships because she hadn’t been built yet.
- USS Arkansas (BB-33) – Casco Bay, Maine
- USS New York (BB-34) – East Coast, under refit
- USS Texas (BB-35) – Casco Bay, Maine
- USS New Mexico (BB-40) – Norfolk, VA (Transferred from Pacific for convoy escort)
- USS Mississippi (BB-41) – Norfolk, VA
- USS Idaho (BB-42) – Hvalfjörður, Iceland (Neutrality Patrol)
- USS Colorado (BB-45) – Puget Sound Navy Yard, WA (Overhaul)
- USS North Carolina (BB-55) – Atlantic, shakedown cruise
- USS Washington (BB-56) – Atlantic, shakedown cruise
Why is the USS Missouri important?
The USS Missouri holds a pivotal place in history as the site where Japan officially surrendered, bringing an end to World War II. On September 2, 1945, Japanese leaders came aboard the ship and signed the surrender papers, marking a momentous occasion in world history. This event secured the USS Missouri’s place as a symbol of peace and the end of a global conflict.
Today, you can visit the USS Missouri at Pearl Harbor, where she sits near the USS Arizona Memorial. These two ships together tell the story of America’s journey through World War II – from the first day to the last. The Missouri serves as a powerful reminder of the sacrifices made and the peace achieved, providing visitors with a profound sense of history and reflection.
1. What was the outcome of the event?
The signing on the USS Missouri brought an end to World War II.
2. When did this event occur?
This significant event occurred on September 2, 1945.
3. What specific event took place on the USS Missouri?
The USS Missouri was the site where the formal signing of Japan’s surrender to the United States took place.
How Pearl Harbor
Changed America
The attack on Pearl Harbor shocked the American people. It changed the United States in ways that went far beyond just entering the war.
Why did most Americans not know where Pearl Harbor was?
Before the attack, most Americans had never heard of Pearl Harbor. It was a naval base far away on the island of Oahu, thousands of miles from the U.S. mainland. After the attack, Pearl Harbor became a name everyone knew. It appeared in newspapers and radio reports across the country.
How did Americans react to the Pearl Harbor attack?
The day after the attack, President Franklin D. Roosevelt gave a famous speech to Congress. He called December 7, 1941, “a date which will live in infamy.” This speech brought Americans together like never before. The next day, Congress voted to declare war on Japan, and America entered World War II.
The attack on Pearl Harbor united the American people. Many young Americans signed up to join the military. At home, people worked together to support the war effort, doing whatever they could to help their country.
Today, Pearl Harbor’s influence can still be seen in many Things Made in Hawaii, from commemorative items to military-inspired designs.
Where Pearl Harbor Is
and Why It Matters
Pearl Harbor is still an important U.S. Navy base today, just as it was before World War II. Its location makes it perfect for Navy ships in the Pacific Ocean.
On which island is Pearl Harbor located?
Pearl Harbor is on the island of Oahu in Hawaii. It’s a natural deep-water harbor, which means large Navy ships can easily sail in and out. The harbor is near Honolulu, Hawaii’s biggest city.
Why is Pearl Harbor significant?
Pearl Harbor’s location in the middle of the Pacific Ocean makes it a perfect spot for the U.S. Navy. Ships based here can quickly reach Asia, the U.S. West Coast, or other Pacific islands. This is why it was so important during World War II and why it’s still a busy Navy base today.
When you visit Pearl Harbor, you’ll see both its role in history and how it serves as an active military base. Many tourists are surprised to see modern Navy ships sharing the harbor with the historic memorials.
The Attack on Pearl Harbor:
How Long It Lasted
The attack on Pearl Harbor was quick but caused terrible damage in a very short time.
How long did the attack on Pearl Harbor last?
The attack lasted about two hours. It started at 7:48 a.m. and ended around 9:45 a.m. Even though it was short, the Japanese planes caused massive damage and killed many people in those two hours.
Can you still see ships in Pearl Harbor?
Yes, visitors can see several important ships at Pearl Harbor today. The USS Arizona still lies where she sank, and you can see parts of her from the memorial built above her. The USS Missouri is also there. You can walk on her deck, right where World War II ended. There are also modern Navy ships in the harbor, as it’s still an active military base.
Many Pearl Harbor tours give you time to visit both the USS Arizona Memorial and the USS Missouri. Plan for at least 4-5 hours to see everything properly. Most visitors say early morning is the best time to visit, before the midday heat. From our regular visits, we recommend arriving between 7:00-8:00 AM to avoid both crowds and the midday heat. Remember to bring water – the walk from the visitor center to the USS Missouri can take 10-20 minutes in the hot sun, and there’s often limited shade.
Pearl Harbor in History
and Today
After more than 80 years, Pearl Harbor has left a lasting mark on our history and culture.
Did the British fight back at Pearl Harbor?
No, the British did not have any ships at Pearl Harbor during the attack. Japan only attacked U.S. ships and bases that day. However, the attack brought America and Britain closer together as allies for the rest of World War II.
Is there an aircraft carrier in Pearl Harbor?
No, there are no aircraft carriers at Pearl Harbor today. You will see other types of Navy ships there, though. The number of ships changes because Pearl Harbor is still an active military base, now called Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam.
How has Pearl Harbor been shown in movies and books?
Many movies, books, and even video games have told the story of Pearl Harbor. The movie “Pearl Harbor” from 2001 is one of the most famous, though it adds a love story that isn’t real. Many people say the movie “Tora! Tora! Tora!” from 1970 shows what really happened better, telling the story from both the American and Japanese sides. For more movies filmed across Hawaii, check out our guide to the Best Movies Filmed in Hawaii.
Early morning tours often give the best view of both the historic sites and today’s working Navy base. Remember to bring your ID and follow base rules when you visit.
Why Pearl Harbor
Still Matters Today
The attack on Pearl Harbor changed history forever. It brought America into World War II and changed the course of the war. Today, visiting Pearl Harbor helps us understand what happened on December 7, 1941, and remember the brave people who were there. Pearl Harbor is one of the Top 10 Places to Visit in Hawaii, and many visitors combine it with other historic and cultural sites during their stay.
When you visit the USS Arizona Memorial or walk on the deck of the USS Missouri, you’re walking through living history. The oil that still rises from the USS Arizona and the scratch marks from bullets still visible on buildings remind us that this history isn’t really so long ago.
Whether you want to pay your respects, learn about World War II, or understand more about American history, a visit to Pearl Harbor is worth your time. Visitors from all over the world journey to this historic site to commemorate the fateful day of December 7, 1941, and remember the fallen comrades who sacrificed their lives.
The memorials, museums, and the active military base work together to tell an important story that we should never forget. By exploring these locations, you not only gain insight into a pivotal moment in history but also participate in a collective act of remembrance and honor.
This balance of education and commemoration makes Pearl Harbor a unique and meaningful destination that continues to draw people from every corner of the globe.
About This Guide: This article is regularly updated with current visitor information and historical details from the National Park Service and Naval History and Heritage Command. While Pearl Harbor’s story spans many perspectives, we focus on verified historical facts and current visitor information to help you plan your visit.
11 Frequently Asked Questions About Pearl Harbor
What is the purpose of the USS Oklahoma Memorial?
The Purpose of the USS Oklahoma Memorial
The USS Oklahoma Memorial stands as a solemn tribute to the bravery and sacrifice of those who perished aboard the USS Oklahoma during the tragic events of the 1941 Pearl Harbor attack. Its primary purpose is to honor and remember the 415 sailors and 14 Marines who lost their lives, ensuring their legacy is forever etched in history.
Each name is individually engraved on black granite, serving as a personal and permanent recognition of their service. These names are displayed on 429 white marble columns, each symbolizing the unwavering strength and courage of the individuals who fought bravely that day. The memorial not only commemorates their sacrifice but also educates visitors about this pivotal moment in history, fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation of their heroism.
What does the Pacific Aviation Museum at Pearl Harbor showcase?
The Pacific Aviation Museum at Pearl Harbor offers a captivating journey through the history of aviation in the Pacific region. Visitors can explore two meticulously preserved World War II-era hangars that withstood the infamous attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. These historic structures provide an immersive backdrop to the museum’s exhibits.
Highlights include a collection of vintage aircraft and interactive displays that bring to life the pivotal role aviation played in the Pacific theater. The museum also features the iconic Ford Island Control Tower, which stands as a testament to aviation’s significant contributions during and after the war.
What experience does the Bowfin Submarine Museum & Park offer to visitors?
Discover the Unique Experience at Bowfin Submarine Museum & Park
Step back in time on a self-guided tour: The Bowfin Submarine Museum & Park invites you to explore the historic USS Bowfin Submarine, a World War II treasure docked at Pearl Harbor.
Immersive audio experience: Visitors aren’t just observing—they’re engaging. Equipped with a classic cassette recorder, your narrated journey is triggered at various stops inside the submarine, turning each corner into a story of life aboard a combat submarine.
Firsthand insights into submarine life: As you stroll through the narrow corridors and examine the intricate controls, gain a profound understanding of how it felt to live and serve beneath the waves during wartime.
This museum offers a rare opportunity to walk the same paths as the sailors who once braved the ocean depths, providing both educational insights and unforgettable memories.
What are the operating hours for the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center?
Operating Hours for Pearl Harbor Visitor Center
Planning a visit to the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center? Here’s what you need to know about their operating hours to make the most of your trip.
- Visiting Days: Open to the public every day, except on select holidays.
- Holidays Closed: The center remains closed on New Year’s Day (January 1), Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day (December 25).
- Daily Hours: You can explore the visitor center any day from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Remembering these hours, you can ensure a well-timed visit to this historic site. Whether you’re keen on discovering its rich history or simply enjoying a day out, planning ahead will make your experience seamless and rewarding.
On which holidays is Pearl Harbor closed?
Pearl Harbor is closed to visitors on three major holidays: New Year’s Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.
What are the options for purchasing tickets to Pearl Harbor?
Planning a trip to Pearl Harbor? It’s essential to secure your tickets in advance. Here’s a detailed guide on your ticket purchasing options:
- Online Reservation: The most convenient way to obtain tickets is through official online booking platforms. This method allows you to reserve tickets well ahead of your visit, reducing the risk of being turned away due to crowd limits.
- On-Site Purchase: If you prefer to buy tickets in person, you can do so at the ticket office upon arrival. However, keep in mind that this option may involve waiting in line and tickets could sell out, especially during peak tourist season.
- Tour Packages: Consider purchasing a comprehensive tour package from a third-party seller. These often include transportation and a guided tour, which can enrich your experience while ensuring admission to the memorial.
- Third-Party Websites: Several travel websites offer Pearl Harbor tickets. These may bundle tickets with other attractions or offer discounts on group purchases. Remember to choose a reputable site to guarantee legitimate tickets.
- Last-Minute Apps: If you’re planning a spontaneous visit, check out last-minute deal apps. These platforms sometimes provide discounted tickets for same-day entry, although availability can be hit or miss.
With these options in mind, you can choose the ticket method that best fits your plans and enjoy your visit to this historic site without any hassle.
What are the parking fees at Pearl Harbor?
As of April 2023, visitors to Pearl Harbor can expect to pay $7 per day for parking. This fee is applicable to all guests and vehicles, ensuring that your stopover doesn’t clash with your budgetary planning. Be sure to account for the parking charge when arranging your visit to this historic site.
How can visitors travel to the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center by bus?
How to Travel to the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center by Bus
For those visiting by public transportation, you’re in luck—catching a bus to the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center is straightforward. Here’s how you can do it:
- Departure Points: Start your journey from well-known areas such as Waikiki or the Ala Moana Shopping Center. These are popular starting points with frequent bus services.
- Bus Routes: Board a public bus heading towards Pearl Harbor. It’s advisable to ask the bus driver for confirmation that this bus stops at or near the Pearl Harbor Visitor Center. This will also allow you to verify the best stop to disembark.
- Ride Duration: The trip usually takes around 45 minutes to an hour, depending on traffic conditions. Plan your journey accordingly to ensure you have ample time for your visit.
- Arrival: Once at your stop, simply follow the signs or consult local maps to reach the Visitor Center, a short walk from the bus drop-off point.
By using public transportation, you can enjoy a hassle-free and eco-friendly way to explore this notable historical site.
How long does it take to drive from Waikiki to Pearl Harbor, and what should drivers consider?
Driving from Waikiki to Pearl Harbor: Timing and Tips
Travel Time
When journeying from Waikiki to Pearl Harbor by car, expect the drive to take roughly 45 minutes under typical conditions. However, this can vary significantly based on traffic patterns.
Factors to Consider
- Traffic Congestion: Peak travel times can extend your trip, so consider departing during off-peak hours if possible.
- Real-time Navigation: Utilize a reliable maps application to check for live traffic updates. This can help you anticipate any delays and offer alternative routes if necessary.
- Weather and Road Conditions: Check the forecast and road statuses before setting out, as these can impact travel time.
By keeping these factors in mind, you can better plan your visit to Pearl Harbor, ensuring a smooth and timely drive.
Can visitors from other Hawaiian islands visit Pearl Harbor easily?
Visitors from other Hawaiian islands can easily visit Pearl Harbor. Arranging a day trip is straightforward for those staying on Maui, Kauai, or the Big Island. Numerous travel companies offer comprehensive Pearl Harbor tours that take care of the logistics. These packages often include round-trip flights to Oahu, transportation to and from Pearl Harbor, and entrance tickets to the historic site.
Such tours are convenient and designed to ensure visitors can seamlessly integrate this iconic experience into their Hawaiian adventure without the hassle of planning each step independently. Whether you’re soaking up the sun on a different island or exploring lush landscapes, visiting Pearl Harbor can be a remarkable addition to your itinerary.
What are some other attractions or things to do on Oahu?
Exciting Attractions and Activities on Oahu
Explore the vibrant island of Oahu with a plethora of attractions and activities ensuring an unforgettable experience. Whether you’re seeking adventure, local culture, or relaxing vistas, Oahu has it all.
Discover Local Charm in Beach Towns
Experience Scenic Hiking Trails
Dive Into Local Neighborhoods
Unlock Exclusive Travel Deals
Embark on an Oahu journey filled with diverse experiences sure to cater to a variety of interests, from tranquillity to thrill. With these attractions, explore the true essence of what Oahu has to offer, ensuring lasting memories.
